How to install Oracle 10g from rpm in redhat enterprise linux rhel5

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This document explains how to install the Oracle 10g database server on a redhat rhel5 linux

machine using rpm package. This steps will work in other redhat distros like Centos, Fedora etc.

System:

VMware VM

OS Redhat enterprise Linux 5.4

32 bit

IP: 192.168.0.56

RAM = 1700Mb

Host machine Dell inspiron 1545

Oracle software:

Oracle 10g

Version 10.2.0.1.0

Other Requirements:

Yum server

Installation:

Login as root user

login as: root

root@192.168.0.35's password:

Last login: Sat Nov 20 15:17:28 2010

Download the rpm from oracle.com:

[root@oracle /]# ls

bin dev home lost+found misc net oracle-xe-univ-10.2.0.1-1.0.i386.rpm root selinux sys tmp var boot etc lib media mnt opt proc sbin srv tftpboot usr

#Changing the version 5.4 to rhel4:

[root@oracle /]# cat /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4 (Tikanga)installed #10g doesnt support rhel 5.4

[root@oracle /]#

Checking whether the dependencies are installed or not:

[root@oracle /]# rpm -r prm -q glibc libaio

libaio-0.3.106-3.2

Checking the swap space:

[root@oracle /]# swapon -s

FilenameTypeSizeUsedPriority

/dev/sda3 partition 23535120 -1

Checking the memory status:

[root@oracle /]# free -m

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 1685 654 1030 0 27 544

-/+ buffers/cache: 82 1602

Swap: 2298 0 2298

#Adding the kernel parameters to the sysctl.conf file:

[root@oracle /]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux

#

# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and

# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

# Controls IP packet forwarding

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

# Controls source route verification

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel

kernel.sysrq = 0

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename

# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue

kernel.msgmax = 65536

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages

kernel.shmall = 268435456

#Parameters for Oracle installation

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

kernel.shmmax =536870912

kernel.shmmni =4096

kernel.shmall =2097152

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

[root@oracle /]#

Reloading and checking for errors:

[root@oracle /]#

[root@oracle /]# sysctl -p > /dev/null

[root@oracle /]#

Installing the oracle rpm:

[root@oracle /]# rpm -ivh oracle-xe-univ-10.2.0.1-1.0.i386.rpm

Preparing... [100%]

1:oracle-xe-univ [100%]

Executing Post-install steps...

You must run '/etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure' as the root user to

configure the database.

You will be prompted to run the following command for configuring oracle:

[root@oracle /]# /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Configuration

-------------------------------------------------

This will configure on-boot properties of Oracle Database 10g Express

Edition. The following questions will determine whether the database should

be starting upon system boot, the ports it will use, and the passwords that

will be used for database accounts. Press to accept the defaults.

Ctrl-C will abort.

Specify the HTTP port that will be used for Oracle Application Express [8080]: #Hit enter

Specify a port that will be used for the database listener [1521]: #Hit enter

Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Note that the same

password will be used for SYS and SYSTEM. Oracle recommends the use of

different passwords for each database account. This can be done after

initial configuration: #Give a password

Confirm the password: #Retype it

Do you want Oracle Database 10g Express Edition to be started on boot (y/n) [y]:y or #Hit enter

Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done

Configuring Database...Done

Starting Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Instance...Done

Installation Completed Successfully.

To access the Database Home Page go to "http://127.0.0.1:8080/apex"

[root@oracle /]#

[root@oracle /]# cd /usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/bin/

Run the following script for setting environment variables:

[root@oracle bin]# . oracle_env.sh

[root@oracle bin]# echo $?

0

Add the script in profile file for environment variables for oracle [To survive reboots]:

[root@oracle bin]# cat >> /etc/profile

. /usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/bin/oracle_env.sh

And source it to make effect:

[root@oracle bin]# . source /etc/profile

[root@oracle bin]# cat /etc/profile

# /etc/profile

# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup

# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc

pathmunge () {

if ! echo $PATH | /bin/egrep -q "(^|:)$1($|:)" ; then

if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then

PATH=$PATH:$1

else

PATH=$1:$PATH

fi

fi

}

# ksh workaround

if [ -z "$EUID" -a -x /usr/bin/id ]; then

EUID=`id -u`

UID=`id -ru`

fi

# Path manipulation

if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then

pathmunge /sbin

pathmunge /usr/sbin

pathmunge /usr/local/sbin

fi

# No core files by default

ulimit -S -c 0 > /dev/null 2>&1

if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then

USER="`id -un`"

LOGNAME=$USER

MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"

fi

HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname`

HISTSIZE=1000

if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ]; then

INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc

fi

export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do

if [ -r "$i" ]; then

if [ "$PS1" ]; then

. $i

else

. $i >/dev/null 2>&1

fi

fi

done

unset i

unset pathmunge

. /usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/bin/oracle_env.sh

[root@oracle bin]#

Checking oracle from Command line:

[root@oracle bin]# sqlplus system

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Nov 20 16:58:56 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Enter password:

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

[root@oracle bin]# cd

Checking the user list:

SQL> select * from all_users;

USERNAME USER_ID CREATED

------------------------------ ---------- ------------------

FLOWS_020100 35 31-JAN-06

FLOWS_FILES 34 31-JAN-06

HR 33 31-JAN-06

MDSYS 32 31-JAN-06

ANONYMOUS 28 31-JAN-06

XDB 27 31-JAN-06

CTXSYS 25 31-JAN-06

DBSNMP 23 31-JAN-06

TSMSYS 20 31-JAN-06

DIP 18 31-JAN-06

OUTLN 11 31-JAN-06

USERNAME USER_ID CREATED

------------------------------ ---------- ------------------

SYSTEM5 31-JAN-06

SYS0 31-JAN-06

13 rows selected.

Listing the DBA users:

SQL> select username from dba_users;

USERNAME

------------------------------

TSMSYS

XDB

HR

FLOWS_020100

DBSNMP

DIP

OUTLN

CTXSYS

MDSYS

FLOWS_FILES

SYSTEM

USERNAME

------------------------------

SYS

ANONYMOUS

13 rows selected

Licence:

.

Login:

Databse:

Http Access:

Best Reads:
1. Oracle 10g Developer: PL/SQL Programming
2. Oracle 10g Programming: A Primer
3. Oracle Database 10g: The Complete Reference (Osborne ORACLE Press Series)

Process states in linux systems

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There are many states for processes in linux environment. You can see the process states using the following commands.

#ps
#ps -ax       -From all users and terminals.
#ps -aux     -Shows Process owner also.

For the dynamic details:

#top
#top -c      -Sorts according to CPU usage.
#top   and pressing M(shift+m)  - sorts according to memory usage.

Main process states are as follows:


             D       Marks a process in disk (or other short term, uninterruptible) wait.
             I       Marks a process that is idle (sleeping for longer than about 20 seconds).
             R       Marks a runnable process.
             S       Marks a process that is sleeping for less than about 20 seconds.

             T       Marks a stopped process.
             Z       Marks a dead process (a ``zombie'').

Additional characters after these, indicates additional state information:

             +       The process is in the foreground process group of its control terminal.
             <       The process has raised CPU scheduling priority.
             >       The process has specified a soft limit on memory requirements and is currently exceeding that limit; such a process is (necessarily) not swapped.
             E       The process is trying to exit.
             L       The process has pages locked in core (for example, for raw I/O).
             N       The process has reduced CPU scheduling priority (see setpriority(2)).
             s       The process is a session leader.
             V       The process is suspended during a vfork(2).
             W       The process is swapped out.
             X       The process is being traced or debugged.

How to install and configure oracle 10g standalone database server in redhat rhel5 linux

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Oracle 10g installation on RHEL5 ( Standalone Server)

This document explains how to install and configure the Oracle 10g database server on a redhat rhel5 linux machine. This steps will work in other redhat distros like Centos, Fedora etc.

System:

VMware VM

OS Redhat enterprise Linux 5.4

32 bit

IP: 192.168.0.56

RAM = 1700Mb

Host machine Dell inspiron 1545

Oracle software:

Oracle 10g

Version 10.2.0.1.0

Other Requirements:

Yum server

Pre - Installation steps:

Setting the hostname:

[root@oracle ~]# hostname

oracle.lap.work

Resolving the hostname:

[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1oracle.lap.work oracle localhost.localdomain localhost

::1localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.0.35 oracle.lap.work oracle

Making the hostname permenant:

[root@oracle ~]# cat s/etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=no

HOSTNAME=oracle.lap.work

Changing the OS Name:

Oracle 10g does not support the rhel 5.4. So we've tochange it to rhel4

[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4 (Tikanga)

Installation:

Installing dependancies:

[root@oracle ~]# yum install compat-db compat-gcc* compat-libstdc++* openmotif* sysstat telnet-server libaio* gcc*

Now creating groups and users for oracle installation:

[root@oracle ~]# [root@oracle ~]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall

[root@oracle ~]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall1 dba

[root@oracle ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle-u 200

[root@oracle ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

Creating home directories for oracle:

Crs home:

[root@oracle ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs

Oracle home:

[root@oracle ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Setting Kernel & other parameters for Oracle installation in /etc/sysctl.conf file

[root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf

#Oracle installation parameters

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 5

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 5

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 3

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 9

net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 2

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144^[[A 4

kernel.domainname = lap.work #change the domain name as you wish

[root@oracle ~]#

Reloading the sysctl.conf to make effect the above parameters:

[root@oracle ~]# sysctl -p

You can check the errors using

[root@oracle ~]# sysctl -p > /dev/null

Settings for limiting the resource usage of oracle user:

[root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

> oracle soft nproc 4096

> oracle hard nproc 16384

> oracle soft nofile 2048

> oracle hard nofile 65536

> EOF

[root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/pam.d/login << EOF

> session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

> EOF

[root@oracle ~]# [root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/pam.d/su << EOF

> session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

> EOF

[root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/pam.d/sshd << EOF

> session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

> EOF

Adding the variables and functions needed for oracle installation into /etc/profile file:

[root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/profile

#oracle installation variavl bles and functions

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/crs

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

if [ $USER = .oracle. ]; then

ulimit .u 16384 .n 65536

fi

Sourcing it to make effect:

[root@oracle ~]# source /etc/profile

Adding the variables and functions needed for oracle installation into user oracle's profile file:

cat >> ~oracle/.bash_profile

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/crs

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

Sourcing it to make effect. Or you can logout and log in.

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sourse .bash_profile

Hang Checker Timer:

[root@oracle ~]# cat >> /etc/modprobe.conf

options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

Starting the hangcheck driver using the following command

[root@oracle ~]# modprobe hangcheck-timer

Now mount the cd to /media and copy the oracle database directory to /u01/app/oracle:

Now we have :

[root@oracle ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/

[root@oracle oracle]# ls

database product

Changing the ownership and permissions of oracle files and directories:

[root@oracle oracle]# chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle/

[root@oracle oracle]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/

Now we can start the installation:

You have to do this in runlevel 5, ie graphical mode:

You have to run the command xhost + as root user. As shown below.

Then only you will get access to oracle's graphical installation tool.

Starting the installation:

First we have to switch as user oracle and goto the directory /u01/app/oracle/database.

There you can see a script runInstaller. Execute it. See the pic below.

And you will get the following window.

Set the database password in that. And click next.

Note: It will be the password for the users SYS,SYSTEM,SYSMAN and DBSNMP

Now you will get the next window as follows:

Check the oracle group name is oinstall and click next.

Here you will get the prerequisite check results. There may be some errors. We are lacking enough swap memory here. And network script is not executed. [Its because we have static ip not dhcp]

Creating swap memory:

Sometimes there wont be enough swap memory in your system. So you have to create swap area either by partition or file.

Here we create swap using file.

[root@oracle oracle]# touch /swapfile

Using dd command and dumping zeros to the file:

[root@oracle oracle]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=500000

500000+0 records in

500000+0 records out

512000000 bytes (512 MB) copied, 71.4932 seconds, 7.2 MB/s

Making swap filesystem:

[root@oracle oracle]# mswkswap -v1 /swapfile

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 511995 kB

Creating entry in fstab:

[root@oracle oracle]# cat /etc/fstab

LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1

LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

LABEL=SWAP-sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0

/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

Mounting and enabling it:

[root@oracle oracle]# mount -a

[root@oracle oracle]# swapon -a

Checking the swap status:

[root@oracle oracle]# swapon -s

FilenameTypeSizeUsedPriority

/dev/sda3 partition23535120-1

/swapfile file4999920-2

Now rechecking and continuing installation:

Now Pre-checks are over:

If there was errors, it'll be listed in red color so check for errors.

Now Click on install.

It may take some time.

Some configuration scripts will run during installation:

At the end of installation we have to run two scripts manually as root user:

1^st script:

[root@oracle db_1]# ./root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[root@oracle db_1]# cd ../../../oraior

2^nd script:

[root@oracle oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete

[root@oracle oraInventory]#

For using the EM you have to run this command as user oracle:

Switching user as oracle:

[root@oracle oraInventory]# su - oracle

Running the command:

[oracle@oracle ~]$ emctl start dbconsole

TZ set to Asia/Calcutta

Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0

Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

http://oracle.lap.work:1158/em/console/aboutApplication

• An instance of Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control is already running.

Now installation is over:

Now login using web access:

http://192.168.0.35/em

user :sys

password: same you've given during oracle installation

Accepting the license:

Thats it

Using the command prompt:

Login as user oracle:

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as stysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Nov 16 12:48:40 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select * from all_users;

USERNAME USER_ID CREATED

------------------------------ ---------- ---------

BI 60 16-NOV-10

PM 59 16-NOV-10

SH 58 16-NOV-10

IX 57 16-NOV-10

OE 56 16-NOV-10

HR 55 16-NOV-10

SCOTT 54 30-JUN-05

****** Output truncated *********

SQL> shutdown

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Thats it. Leave a comment if you like. Enjoy.